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| Term | Meaning |
|---|---|
| NASBA | Serves as a forum for the 54 state boards of accountancy, which administer the uniform CPA examination, license certified public accountants and regulate the practice of public accountancy in the United States. |
| Nasdaq | National Association of Securities Dealers Automated Quotations system, which is owned and operated by the National Association of Securities Dealers; a computerized system that provides brokers and dealers with price quotations for securities traded over-the-counter as well as for many New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) listed securities. |
| National Association of Securities Dealers Automated Quotations (NASDAQ) | National Association of Securities Dealers Automated Quotations system, which is owned and operated by the National Association of Securities Dealers; a computerized system that provides brokers and dealers with price quotations for securities traded over-the-counter as well as for many New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) listed securities. |
| National Association of State Boards of Accountancy (NASBA) | Serves as a forum for the 54 State Boards of Accountancy, which administer the uniform CPA examination, license Certified Public Accountants and regulate the practice of public accountancy in the United States. |
| Nationalization | Takeover of a private company’s assets or operations by a government. |
| NAV | In mutual funds, the market value of a fund share, synonymous with bid price; book value of a company’s different classes of securities, usually stated as net asset value per bond, net asset value per share of preferred stock, and net book value per common share of common stock. |
| Negative Assurance | Report issued by an accountant based on limited procedures that states that nothing has come to the accountant’s attention to indicate that the financial information is not fairly presented. |
| Negligence | The omission to do something which a reasonable man, guided by those ordinary considerations which ordinarily regulate human affairs, would do, or the doing of something which a reasonable and prudent man would not do. |
| Negotiable | Something that can be sold or transferred to another party in exchange for money or as settlement of an obligation. |
| Net | Figure remaining after all relevant deductions have been made from the gross amount. |
| Net Asset Value (NAV) | In mutual funds, the market value of a fund share, synonymous with bid price; book value of a company’s different classes of securities, usually stated as net asset value per bond, net asset value per share of preferred stock, and net book value per common share of common stock. |
| Net Assets | Excess of the value of securities owned, cash, receivables, and other assets over the liabilities of the company. |
| Net Current Assets | Difference between current assets and current liabilities; another name for working capital. |
| Net Income | Excess or deficit of total revenues and gains compared with total expenses and losses for an accounting period. |
| Net Lease | In addition to the rental payment, the lessee assumes all property charges such as taxes, insurance, and maintenance. |
| Net Loss | The difference between expenses and revenues when expenses exceed revenues over a period of time. |
| Net Present Value (NPV) | Method used in evaluating investments whereby the net present value of all cash outflows and cash inflows is calculated using a given discount rate, usually the required rate of return. |
| Net Present Value Method | A capital investment evaluation method that discounts future cash flows to their present value. |
| Net Proceeds | Amount received from the sale or disposition of property, from a loan, or from the sale or issuance of securities after deduction of all costs incurred in the transaction. |
| Net Sales | Sales at gross invoice amounts less any adjustments for returns, allowances, or discounts taken. |
| Net Worth | Similar to equity, the excess of assets over liabilities. |
| New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) | Oldest and largest stock exchange in the United States, located at 11 Wall Street in New York City; also known as the Big Board and the Exchange. |
| No-Par Stock | Stock authorized to be issued but for which no par value is set in the articles of incorporation. A stated value is set by the board of directors on the issuance of this type of stock. |
| No-Par Value | Stock or bond that does not have a specific value indicated. |
| Non-Routine Transactions | Activities that occur only periodically, the data involved are generally not part of the routine flow of transactions. |
| Non-Callable | Preferred stock or bond that cannot be redeemed at the option of the issuer. |
| Non-for-Profit Organization/Tax-Exempt Organization | An incorporated organization that exists for educational or charitable purposes, and from which its shareholders or trustees do not benefit financially. Also called NOT-FOR-PROFIT organization. |
| Non-Sufficient Funds (NSF) Check | A check drawn against an account in which there is not enough money to honor it. |
| Non-Resident Alien | Any citizen that is not a resident or citizen of the United States. Income of such individuals is subject to taxation if it is effectively connected with a United States trade or business. |
| Not-for-Profit | Type of incorporated organization in which no stockholder or trustee shares in profits or losses and which usually exists to accomplish some charitable, humanitarian, or educational purpose. |
| Note | A written promise to pay a specified amount to a certain entity on demand or on a specified date. |
| Notes Payable | Collective term for written promissory notes that are due in less than one year. |
| Notes Receivable | Collective term for written promissory notes that are due in less than one year and are held by the entity to whom payment is promised. |
| Notional | Value assigned to assets or liabilities that is not based on cost or market (e.g., the value of a service not yet rendered). |
| NPV | Method used in evaluating investments whereby the net present value of all cash outflows and cash inflows is calculated using a given discount rate, usually required rate of return. |
| NSF Check | A check drawn against an account in which there is not enough money to honor it. |